Violence escalates along the India-China border, Cartographic tensions over India-Nepal border, Gas explosion in Assam and Deadly attacks by the Boko Haram in Nigeria

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Photo Source: Reuters/The Hindu

International Peace Research Initiative (IPRI)
Conflict Resolution and Peace Research Programme
National Institute of Advanced Studies (NIAS)
For any further information or to subscribe to Conflict Weekly alerts send an email to subachandran@nias.res.in

IPRI Conflict Weekly, 17 June 2020, Vol.1, No. 22

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IPRI # 72, 17 June 2020

Conflict Weekly 22

Violence escalates along the India-China border, Cartographic tensions over India-Nepal border, Gas explosion in Assam and Deadly attacks by the Boko Haram in Nigeria

IPRI Team

D. Suba Chandran, Mahesh Bhatta, Monish Tourangbam and Abigail Miriam Fernandez

Violence escalates along the India-China border in Ladakh; while 20 killed on the Indian side, casualties on the Chinese side not released

In the news

On 17 June, the Hindu reported the loss of 20 military personnel by India along the Line of Actual Control (LAC) in Ladakh. According to the Global Times, there were casualties on the other side confirmed by the Chinese military, but the latter did not release any numbers.

Both sides at the military and diplomatic levels made statements on the need to maintain peace and tranquility along the LAC, but also expressed their commitment to safeguard "sovereignty and territorial integrity." Both referred to an earlier meeting in June, and have accused the other of breaking the promise of disengagement.

Both sides did not fire a single shot, but used iron clubs and rocks in the violent exchange, the first in the last many decades.

Issues at large

First, the challenge of border disengagement. According to the recent talks (6 June 2020), both troops were to disengage from the recent confrontation in two areas in Ladakh - the Galwan Valley and the Pangong Tso. The former is a narrow valley along the Galwan river that flows from Aksai Chin (under the Chinese control) into Ladakh (under the Indian control) before joining the river Shyok (an Indus tributary). The Galwan valley has been under the Indian control; the Chinese side now claims the entire valley.

Second, the failure of 6 June talks leading to disengagement. These talks were held at the military levels led by the Commander of the 14 Corps based in Leh on the Indian side, and the Commander of the South Xinjiang military region on the Chinese side. At the LAC level, this meeting should be considered as a senior-level one. Both sides agreed to disengage; a week later, with the latest round of violence, it appears that Commander level meeting has not yielded the results.

Third, the need for the political leadership to step in, before jingoism and nationalist sentiments step up the military casualties. While India has announced the military casualties, China has not yet. The casualties and body bags will raise the popular fervour, that needs to be avoided. The Indian media has been talking about teaching Chinese a lesson, banning the Chinese goods and "2020 is not 1962." According to the Global Times editorial, China "does not and will not create conflicts, but it fears no conflicts either. This policy is supported by both morality and strength. We will not trade our bottom line with anyone."

Fourth, is the need to settle the border differences, and convert the Line of Actual Control (LAC) into a bilateral border. The border dialogue has been going for a long time; there is a perception on both sides to prolong the dialogue and bid more time. It is the differences over where the border lies along the LAC that has led to provocations and whether one side can build infrastructure on its side or not.

In perspective

India and China have to minimise the military interaction at the border level immediately and maximise the political interactions at the bilateral level.

Trump has announced earlier his intention to intervene; this is what Beijing fears – India falling into the American orbit or the US using India as its Asian pivot. New Delhi has to convince Beijing, the two bilateral ties (with the US and China) are independent. New Delhi also has to convince Beijing that the recent measures in J&K (revocation of Article 370 and administrative reorganization of J&K) are not targeted against China and is a part of an internal strategy.

Outside the LAC, India also has to look into what is happening along the borders with Pakistan, China and Nepal. There has been violence across all three borders in recent weeks. What was discussed as a two-front war, is becoming a three-front one. It is not in New Delhi's interest to allow China to intervene in India's neighbourhood, and has to convince Beijing to avoid that temptation.

Furthermore, all the above have to be done politically. And bilaterally. With China. And also with Nepal.

Cartographic tensions on India-Nepal border: Nepal Parliament endorses a new map including Kalapani on its side

In the news
On 13 June, Nepal's House of Representatives unanimously endorsed the Constitution Amendment Bill, paving the way for a new political and administrative map that includes Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura. The region in dispute is of geostrategic importance for both, and has been under the Indian administrativecontrol since the 1960s.

The India-Nepal bilateral ties have again come under strain after the Indian Defence Minister inaugurated an 80-km-long strategically crucial road in Kalapani which has been considered as disputed.

Issues at large
First, the unresolved border dispute. The contention over the Kalapani region is not new and it goes back to 2015 when both India and China without Nepal's consent agreed to hold negotiation on augmenting the list of traded commodities along with expanding the border trade at Nathu La, Qiangla/Lipulekh Pass and Shipki La. After this agreement, the Government of Nepal (GoN) had immediately expressed its disagreement, which was neglected without adequate diplomatic attention to address the disputed tri-junction. This issue intensified in 2019 when India updated its new political map, including the Kalapani region. Thereafter Nepal's MOFA sent a diplomatic note to India objecting the inclusion of Kalapani region as it violates the 1816 Suguali treaty between Nepal and the then British administration. According to Kathamndu, despite several serious efforts from the GoN to resolve this dispute and most recently through a diplomatic note dated 20 November 2019 in response to the new political map, New Delhi has ignored the request. As India inaugurated a newly constructed road, the tension has escalated further.

Second, Nepal's frustration with India. One of the questions that have been often asked is why Nepal rushed to endorse a new political map, as the issue was imminent since 1962 when the Indian Army camp was stationed in Kalapani after the India-China war. The rationale behind this unprecedented move by the Nepal parliament is the perception that India is bullying Kathmandu into unilateral action on the disputed territory.

Third, Nepal's attempt to steer clear from China rhetoric. Nepal's parliamentary endorsement needs to be looked beyond the China rhetoric. Nepal has severe reservations with China which were clear when Nepal sent a diplomatic note to China as well on the 2015 India-China bilateral trade agreement. Nepal has equally blamed China and held it responsible for agreeing to include Lipulekh Pass in the Sino-India bilateral trade route without consultation. Amidst the recent border crisis, Nepal might extend its diplomatic talks with China (once the issue is resolved with India) and perhaps pursue trilateral discussions. Viewing Nepal's concerns as "being raised at China's behest" (as stated by the Indian Chief of the Army) has led to an adverse environment in the Nepal-India bilateral ties and will create a fault line in the long-existing trust and friendly people to people relation between the countries.

In perspective
First, the Nepalese people have wholeheartedly welcomed the current government's effort to endorse a new political map. Conversely, considering the government's elevated ultra-nationalism, some also see this nation-wide acknowledged action as intense political propaganda and vote bank politics that the ruling Communist Party would play in the upcoming national election.

Second, the critical challenge for the government of Nepal is to get back the claimed territory through diplomatic efforts and dialogue based on historical facts and documents. Despite its small size of 335 square kilometres, this tri-juncture holds a crucial geostrategic and geopolitical significance for India as it can keep an eye on any attempt by China to encroach or the PLA's move towards India. Therefore, the road ahead for Nepal is not easy and comfortable, despite having robust and indubitable evidence to claim the lost territory.

Assam's gas explosion brings out the crisis in resource extraction in India's Northeast

In the news
A massive gas leak in the oil well, run by the Oil India Ltd in the Tinsukia district of Assam state in the Northeast, led to a raging inferno last week. Reportedly, two firefighters have lost their lives, and thousands have been displaced from the area. Tremors have also been reported in the area and Assam's Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal, called for experts to look into this on an emergency basis.

The Union Minister for Petroleum and Natural Gas also visited the area along with Chief Minister Sonowal. Inquiry committees have been set up at various levels to look into the matter. Given the circumstances of the incident, the committees will be looking into the issue of culpability, the impact on the ecological environment of the area and the measures required to prevent such occurrences in the future.

Issues at large
First, the ecological damage. The oil well is located extremely close to the Dibru-Saikhowa national park, and to the Maguri-Motapung wetland, which has increased the threat to wildlife and the broader ecological environment of the area. According to reports, crops, water bodies and wetlands in the nearby areas have been severely affected, and the threat is not yet over.

Second, the immediate loss of life and long term impacts on public health. The damage done to flora and fauna of the area, and to people's lives is those that are evidently visible. The ill-effects of the gas leak over a longer period is yet to be known. All efforts as of now have been focused on fighting against time and elements to put an end to the immediate ordeal. The toxic releases from the blow out of the gas leak are being seen as a major concern, and questions are being raised on new explorations and setting up of oil wells without proper studies conducted on the potential impact.

Third, the attention of the national media on issues related to the North East. The national media not only needs to report on such emergencies in the nook and corner of the country, bring it to the public attention but also shed light on the lapses on the part of regulation regarding resource exploitation leading to such mishaps with deep and wide-ranging implications.

In perspective
First, a number of areas in the Northeast, have been projected as being rich in resources that can be exploited and extracted to fuel the economy. However, another side of the story is also to listen to those who raise concerns, related to the environmental repercussions of such economic ventures. The rich biodiversity in the region is also a resource that needs to be preserved, and all steps need caution to balance economic entrepreneurship and the call for environmental security.

Second is the lack of preparedness in terms of quick response to such disasters. Are there requisite safety standards, precautions and regulations being followed to make sure that such dangerous incidents could be handled and also avoided in the future?

Africa: Twin terror attacks by Boko Haram's splinter kills dozens in Nigeria
In the news
On 13 June, at least 20 soldiers and more than 40 civilians were killed, and hundreds injured in twin attacks claimed by the Islamic State in West Africa Province (ISWAP) a splinter group of Boko Haram in northeast Nigeria's Borno state. Militants armed with heavy weapons including rocket launchers arrived in Monguno, which is a base for many international non-governmental organizations where they attacked government forces in the area.

The militants also burned down the United Nations' humanitarian hub in the area, warning all civilians in the region not to work with the military or international aid groups. Further, the militants also entered Nganzai at about the same time. These twin attacks have come just days after the militants killed at least 81 people in a raid in Gubio.

Issues at large
First, the growing influence of Boko Haram's splinter ISWAP. The group has moved geographically from its base on the bank and islands of Lake Chad to waging war across north-eastern Nigeria and other regions. The group has also been able to gather support among the locals by filling the governance gaps and has turned this into a source of economic support. Although the group's methods are often violent and coercive, it has established a strong relationship with the local Muslim population and is much more organized than the parent organization and other rival faction.

Second, the double trouble for Nigeria and the issue of regional violence. Nigeria now has two groups to tackle. The threat of Boko Haram and ISWAP is proving to be detrimental for the country in recent times, with the increase in the number of cases targeting not just military establishment but also civilians. Further, links with the other external Islamist groups will intensify regional security concerns. Together, both the group have killed and displaced vast numbers of people from their homes over the last decade.

In perspective
First, the ongoing battle with insurgent groups continues to threaten the stability and political integrity of Nigeria. The government of Nigeria has for long tried to bring an end to these insurgence groups, but their efforts have been futile. With groups such as the ISWAP deepening roots in the civilian population, the government's position is weakened and threatened, thus causing instability.

Second, displacing the ISWAP will not be an easy task. For Nigeria to counter the ISWAP, more investment will have to be made in cooperative efforts such as the efforts made through the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) a regional command which is supposed to manage the troops of the four Lake Chad basin countries will have to be strengthened. Further, while conducting their counter-insurgent measure, the government will have to bridge the gaps that exist due to poor service and governance, especially in areas controlled by ISWAP to ensure that their defeat is sustained.

Also this Week…

Bangladesh university professors issue joint statement against arrests done under the Digital Security Act
In a joint statement criticising the arrest of a teacher under the Digital Security Act, 53 professors and teachers across universities in Bangladesh have come in solidarity to protest against the series of arrests of bloggers, cartoonists, journalists, and teachers that have been taken place under the Act in the past few months. The arrest of the teacher, Sirajum Munira, came after she posted on social media about deceased former health minister Mohammed Nasim. In addition, two students from Shahjalal University of Science and Technology in Sylhet and Islamic University in Kushtia were arrested and suspended for similar reasons. The Digital Security Act has been in controversy and heavily criticised for being a tool to stifle any opposing opinions and speeches in the cyberspace. In the pretext of regulating cyber media, the government has been viewed to use the pandemic to impose the Act and arrest those with a differing view against the government.

Press freedom in the Philippines in duress as court convicts journalist of cyber libel
Philippine journalist Maria Ressa, whose website Rappler once put President Rodrigo Duterte under tough scrutiny, has been convicted of libel on 15 June and will face six years of jail term, in a ruling widely viewed to stifle the countries' media freedoms. Ressa, who was a former CNN journalist, was charged with 'cyber libel' over a 2012 article that linked a businessman to illegal activities.

African countries seek UNHRC inquiry into racism in the US
In an effort to steer the global scrutiny into systemic racism and police brutality, the African countries have put forth a draft resolution on 15 June seeking an inquiry in the US-led by the United Nations Human Rights Council aiming to defend the rights of people of African descent. The resolution will be debated in the following weeks by the council leading to the formalizing of an inquiry body to look into the events, causes, and consequences of racism that have flared severe protests in the US.

White House to host the Balkan Peace Talks
The White House has invited the leaders of Kosovo and Serbia, the two Balkan countries in conflict for talks, in a bid to broker a resolution to a decades-long dispute in the region. Continuing with his policy of personal diplomacy and formalizing peace treaties across conflict zones, President Trump hopes to secure a long-elusive formal peace treaty by opening a channel of negotiation between the US-backed Kosovo and the Russian ally Serbia. This has already raised a string of controversies and hornet's nest in Europe.

Violence return in Yemen after coronavirus prompted ceasefire ends
The Saudi-led coalition fighting in Yemen said it intercepted and destroyed a ballistic missile fired by the Iran-aligned Houthi movement towards the south of the kingdom on 16 June after intercepting several drones the previous night. Violence has revived between the Western-backed alliance and the Houthi group after a six-week ceasefire prompted by the coronavirus pandemic expired last month.

About the authors

D. Suba Chandran is Professor and Dean, School of Conflict and Security Studies, NIAS. Mahesh Bhatta is a Research Officer at the Center for South Asian Studies (CSAS), a Kathmandu based think-tank. Monish Tourangbam is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Geopolitics and International Relations and Head of the Northeast Centre at Manipal Academy of Higher Education. Abigail Miriam Fernandez is a Research Assistant at NIAS.

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IPRI Team

Protests in Georgia, Japan-South Korea reconciliation, and Iranâ€™s school poisoning

Conflict Weekly

March 2023 | IPRI # 353
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

New BREXIT deal on Northern Ireland, battle for Bakhmut and return of violence in Palestine

Conflict Weekly

February 2023 | IPRI # 352
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Protests in China and France, and post-earthquake crises in Turkey and Syria

Special Essay

February 2023 | IPRI # 351
IPRI Comments

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Myanmar: Two years since the coup

Conflict Weekly

February 2023 | IPRI # 350
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The US-China tensions over balloon, and Weather anomalies in the Americas

Conflict Weekly

February 2023 | IPRI # 349
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The continuing crisis in Israel

Conflict Weekly

January 2023 | IPRI # 348
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Protests in Spain, Sweden and Israel

Conflict Weekly

January 2023 | IPRI # 347
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Population decline in China, and Protests in Peru

NIAS Africa Studies

January 2023 | IPRI # 346
IPRI Comments

Sruthi Sadhasivam

Instability in West Africa: The role of France

Conflict Weekly

January 2023 | IPRI # 345
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The new push in the Ukraine war, Ben Gvirâ€™s visit to al Aqsa, Mali's pardon to Ivorian soldiers, violent protests in Brazil and violence over Guzman's arrest

Conflict Weekly

December 2022 | IPRI # 343
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Peace and conflict in 2022: Top 50 stories from around the world

NIAS-IPRI Brief

December 2022 | IPRI # 342
IPRI Briefs

Devansh Agrawal

One China Policy and Absence of the Rule of Law: A brief look into the mistreatment of Tibetan refugees in Nepal

Conflict Weekly Cover Story

December 2022 | IPRI # 341
IPRI Briefs

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Another Peace Accord in Indiaâ€™s Northeast: A review of the new agreement between New Delhi, the Assam government and Adivasi insurgent groups

Conflict Weekly

December 2022 | IPRI # 340
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Global Biodiversity Framework and the EU's gas price capping regulation

Conflict Weekly

December 2022 | IPRI # 339
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Workers strike in the UK

Conflict Weekly

December 2022 | IPRI # 338
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Drone attacks in Russia

Conflict Weekly

December 2022 | IPRI # 337
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Protests in China and the end of TTP's ceasefire in Pakistan

Conflict Weekly

November 2022 | IPRI # 336
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

A ceasefire in DRC and a report on the repatriation from Syria's detention camps

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 335
IPRI Comments

Debangana Chatterjee

Mapping Gender: Iran and its â€˜Burningâ€™ Hijabs

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 333
IPRI Comments

Sindhu Radhakrishna

Peace and Conflict in Human Wildlife Interactions

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 332
IPRI Comments

Padmashree Anandhan

Europe: Ukraine War and the Nordic

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 331
IPRI Comments

Porkkodi Ganeshpandian

Haiti: Five issues fueling gang violence

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 330
IPRI Comments

Sruthi Sadhasivam

Latin America: Four implications of War in Ukraine

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 329
IPRI Comments

S Shaji

Africa: A war and truce between Ethiopia and Tigray

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 328
IPRI Comments

Anu Maria Joseph

Africa: Ethiopia-Tigray ceasefire, and the complex roadmap for peace

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 327
IPRI Comments

Poulomi Mondal

Africa: End of Operation Barkhane, and future implications for France and Sahel

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 326
IPRI Comments

Devjyoti Saha

Africa: The Wagner Group, exploitation of conflicts and increased dependency on Russia

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 325
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

Africa: An overview and reasons behind persistence of conflicts

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 324
IPRI Comments

Athar Zafar

South Caucasia: Prospects for a stable peace

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 323
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

Afghanistan: The Taliban, women, and how history repeats itself

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 322
IPRI Comments

Vijay Anand Panigrahi

Pakistan: TTP, failed peace negotiations, and violence in Swat

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 321
IPRI Comments

Sourina Bej

India: Protracted Talks and Elusive Peace in the Naga ceasefire agreement

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 320
IPRI Comments

Mahesh Bhatta

Nepal: An impending economic crisis

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 319
IPRI Comments

Aparupa Bhattacherjee

Sri Lanka: Significance of Aragalaya as a unifying factor

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 318
IPRI Comments

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Myanmar: Resilience of the Oppositionâ€™s Armed Uprising

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 317
IPRI Comments

Sandip Kumar Mishra

East Asia: North Koreaâ€™s Missile Provocations

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 316
IPRI Comments

Avishka Ashok

China: Global Focus and its impact on Xinjiang and the Uyghurs

Conflict Weekly Special Issue

November 2022 | IPRI # 315
IPRI Comments

Mallika Joseph

The struggle to frame peace

Conflict Weekly

November 2022 | IPRI # 314
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Special Edition: 150th Issue of Conflict Weekly

Conflict Weekly

November 2022 | IPRI # 313
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Assassination attempt on Imran Khan and Russiaâ€™s withdrawal from Kherson

Conflict Weekly

November 2022 | IPRI # 312
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Permanent ceasefire in Ethiopia and a report on the supply chain behind war crimes in Myanmar

Conflict Weekly

October 2022 | IPRI # 311
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Protests and violence in Chad

Conflict Weekly

October 2022 | IPRI # 310
IPRI Comments

Haiti's Gang Violence, Venezuelan Migrants and the US, and Global Hunger Index

Conflict Weekly

October 2022 | IPRI # 309
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

UNHRC proceedings on Xinjiang and the Oxfam report on reducing inequality

Conflict Weekly

October 2022 | IPRI # 308
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

North Korea's missile tests and Russia's annexation of four territories

Conflict Weekly

September 2022 | IPRI # 307
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Protests in Iran

Conflict Weekly

September 2022 | IPRI # 306
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Clashes betweenÂ Armenia-Azerbaijan

Conflict Weekly Cover Story

September 2022 | IPRI # 305
IPRI Comments

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Another Peace Accord in Indiaâ€™s Northeast: A review of the new agreement between New Delhi, Assam government and Adivasi insurgent groups

Conflict Weekly

September 2022 | IPRI # 304
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Ukraine's counter-offensive, North Korea's legislation on preemptive nuclear strike, and a report on Modern Slavery

Conflict Weekly

September 2022 | IPRI # 303
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The UN report on Xinjiang: Four Takeaways

Conflict Weekly

September 2022 | IPRI # 302
IPRI Comments

Violence in Baghdad and Renewed fighting in Ethiopia

Conflict Weekly

August 2022 | IPRI # 301
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Six months of War in Ukraine

Conflict Weekly

August 2022 | IPRI # 300
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Breaking from the past in Kenyan elections, a year under the Taliban in Afghanistan, and merciless heatwaves in Europe

Conflict Weekly

August 2022 | IPRI # 299
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Precarious ceasefire in Nagorno-Karabakh, fresh rounds of violence in Gaza, and the new US bill supporting climate change

Conflict Weekly Cover Story

August 2022 | IPRI # 298
IPRI Briefs

Chrishari de Alwis Gunasekare

100 Days of Peopleâ€™s Protest in Sri Lanka: Whatâ€™s Next?

Conflict Weekly

August 2022 | IPRI # 297
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Zawahiri's killing, Pope's apology to the indigenous people in Canada, Iraq's political crisis, and Senegal's disputed elections

Conflict Weekly

August 2022 | IPRI # 296
IPRI Briefs

Bibhu Prasad Routray

Myanmar Military: Annihilation as a Domination Strategy

Conflict Weekly

July 2022 | IPRI # 295
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Ukraine grain deal, the Monkeypox emergency, and the US wildfires

Conflict Weekly Cover Story

July 2022 | IPRI # 294
IPRI Comments

Amit Gupta

Killing Roe will hurt the US Soft Power

Conflict Weekly

July 2022 | IPRI # 293
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Russiaâ€™s gas warning to Europe, and Sudanâ€™s intra-tribal clashes

Conflict Weekly

July 2022 | IPRI # 292
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

President Rajapaksaâ€™s resignation and the economic crisis in Sri Lanka, and the military's withdrawal in Sudan

Conflict Weekly

July 2022 | IPRI # 291
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Political Stalemate in Libya, and the Fall of Luhansk in Ukraine

Conflict Weekly

June 2022 | IPRI # 290
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Attacks on Europe's pride marches, the Morocco-Spain migration, and the intensifying Russia-Ukraine war

NIAS Africa Studies

June 2022 | IPRI # 289
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

DRC-Rwanda tensions: Latest developments and issues

NIAS Africa Weekly

June 2022 | IPRI # 288
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

Africaâ€™s displacement crises: Three key drivers

Conflict Weekly

June 2022 | IPRI # 287
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Heatwave in Europe, rise of the Left in Colombia and the UNHCR report on Forced Displacement

Russia-Ukraine War

June 2022 | IPRI # 286
IPRI Comments

Sruthi Sadhasivam

Limiting Ukraine War to Ukraine: The US foreign policy strategy

Conflict Weekly

June 2022 | IPRI # 285
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The new UK new bill on Brexit, Turkey's NATO concerns on Finland and Sweden and the SIPRI report on nuclear arsenal/weapons

Conflict Weekly

June 2022 | IPRI # 284
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

North Korea's Missile Tests and Sanctions on Mali

Conflict Weekly

June 2022 | IPRI # 283
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Denmark's referendum on EU defence and interstate tensions in Africa

Conflict Weekly Cover Story

May 2022 | IPRI # 282
IPRI Briefs

Chrishari de Alwis Gunasekare

Sri Lankaâ€™s Economic Crisis: Structural issues and impacts

Conflict Weekly

May 2022 | IPRI # 281
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Another school shooting in the US, and EU-UK tussle over Northern Ireland protocol

NIAS Africa Studies

May 2022 | IPRI # 280
IPRI Comments

Poulomi Mondal

Communal Tensions in Ethiopia: Five drivers

Conflict Weekly

May 2022 | IPRI # 279
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Another racial attack in the US, Divide within the EU over the Russian oil ban, and violence in Israel

Conflict Weekly Cover Story

May 2022 | IPRI # 278
IPRI Comments

S Shaji

Sudan, three years after Omar al Bashir

Conflict Weekly

May 2022 | IPRI # 277
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Intensifying political crisis in Sri Lanka, Communal tensions in Ethiopia, and 75 days of Ukraine war

NIAS Africa Studies

May 2022 | IPRI # 276
IPRI Comments

Mohamad Aseel Ummer

Wagner Group: Russia's Proxies or Ghost Soldiers?

NIAS Africa Studies

May 2022 | IPRI # 275
IPRI Comments

Anu Maria Joseph

Mali ends defence ties with France: What does this mean

Conflict Weekly

May 2022 | IPRI # 274
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Mali-France tensions and anti-UK protests in the Virgin Islands

Conflict Weekly

April 2022 | IPRI # 273
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

â€‹â€‹â€‹â€‹â€‹â€‹â€‹UK-Rwanda asylum deal, Mexico's continuing femicides, and Afghanistan's sectarian violenceÂ

Conflict Weekly

April 2022 | IPRI # 272
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The battle for Donbas, Violence in Jerusalem, Riots in Sweden, Kyrgyzstan- Tajikistan border dialogue, and Chinaâ€™s military drills

Conflict Weekly

April 2022 | IPRI # 271
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Violence in Nigeria, and Russiaâ€™s new military strategy in Ukraine

Conflict Weekly

April 2022 | IPRI # 270
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Political Crises in Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Tunisia; Ceasefire in Yemen; and the Battle for Mariupol

NIAS-IPRI Brief

April 2022 | IPRI # 269
IPRI Briefs

Sourina Bej

Ceasefire trails in Naga conflict: Space for peace parleys and violent politics

NIAS-IPRI Brief

April 2022 | IPRI # 268
IPRI Briefs

Mohamad Aseel Ummer

Failing Peace in Darfur: Multiple Actors, No Outcome

NIAS-IPRI Brief

April 2022 | IPRI # 267
IPRI Briefs

Jeshil Samuel J

The 2014 Gaza Ceasefire: A Stopgap to Peace dividend

NIAS-IPRI Brief

April 2022 | IPRI # 266
IPRI Briefs

Dincy Adlakha

The 1999 Lome Peace Agreement: Issues and failed aspirations

NIAS-IPRI Brief

April 2022 | IPRI # 265
IPRI Briefs

Anju C Joseph

Ceasefire in Moro Conflict: No lasting solution in sight

Conflict Weekly

March 2022 | IPRI # 264
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

30 days of War in Ukraine

Conflict Weekly

March 2022 | IPRI # 263
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Sri Lankaâ€™s worsening economic crisis

Conflict Weekly

March 2022 | IPRI # 262
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The end of Denmarkâ€™s Inuit experiment

Conflict Weekly

March 2022 | IPRI # 261
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

International Womenâ€™s Day: Gap between policies and realities on gender equality

Conflict Weekly

March 2022 | IPRI # 260
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Russiaâ€™s Ukraine Invasion: One Week Later

Conflict Weekly

February 2022 | IPRI # 259
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Russiaâ€™s Ukraine salami slicing and Canadaâ€™s freedom convoy protests

Conflict Weekly

February 2022 | IPRI # 258
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Unfreezing the Afghan assets, Tunisiaâ€™s judicial crisis and Libyaâ€™s new political deadlock

Conflict Weekly

February 2022 | IPRI # 257
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Freedom convoy protests in Canada, and a de-escalation over Ukraine

NIAS Africa Monitor

February 2022 | IPRI # 256
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

Coup in Burkina Faso: Five things to know

Conflict Weekly

February 2022 | IPRI # 255
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

One year of the coup in Myanmar, Taliban meetings in Oslo, and the Global hunger report

Conflict Weekly

January 2022 | IPRI # 254
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Coup in Burkina Faso, Continuing violence in Yemen, and an ISIS attack in Syria

Conflict Weekly

January 2022 | IPRI # 253
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Threat of War over Ukraine, a Syrian trial in Germany, and Protests in France

Central Asia

January 2022 | IPRI # 252
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

The unrest in Kazakhstan: Look beyond the trigger

Conflict Weekly

January 2022 | IPRI # 251
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Unrest and crackdown in Kazakhstan, Another jail term for Aung San Suu Kyi, Two years after Qasem Soleimani, and Canada's reconciliation with the indigenous people

Conflict Weekly

January 2022 | IPRI # 250
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Conflicts in 2021 : Through Regional Prisms

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 249
IPRI Briefs

Dr Shreya Upadhyay

State of Peace and Conflict in North America in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 248
IPRI Briefs

Dr Aparaajita Pandey

State of Peace and Conflict in Latin America in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 247
IPRI Briefs

Dr Shaji S

State of Peace and Conflict in Africa in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 246
IPRI Briefs

Dr Stanly Johny

State of Peace and conflict in the Middle East in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 245
IPRI Briefs

Dr Athar Zafar

State of Peace and Conflict in Central Asia in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 244
IPRI Briefs

Dr Anshuman Behera

State of Peace and Conflict in South Asia in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 243
IPRI Briefs

Dr Bibhu Prasad Routray

State of Peace and Conflict in Southeast Asia in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 242
IPRI Briefs

Dr Sandip Kumar Mishra

State of Peace and Conflict in East Asia in 2021

NIAS-IPRI Workshop

January 2022 | IPRI # 241
IPRI Briefs

Dr Anand V

State of Peace and Conflict in China in 2021

Conflict Weekly

December 2021 | IPRI # 240
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Top 15 Conflicts in 2021

Conflict Weekly

December 2021 | IPRI # 239
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

New reports on the Omicron threat, and lifting sanctions on humanitarian aid to Afghanistan

Conflict Weekly

December 2021 | IPRI # 238
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

West warns Russia over Ukrainian aggression and South Korea and North Korean agree on end-of-war declaration in principle

NIAS Africa Monitor

December 2021 | IPRI # 237
IPRI Comments

Harshita Rathore

Famine in Ethiopia: The government's refusal to acknowledge, worsens the crisis

Conflict Weekly

December 2021 | IPRI # 236
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Conflict Weekly: 100th Issue

Conflict Weekly

December 2021 | IPRI # 235
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Unrest in the Solomon Islands, and the 12 million missing children in China

Conflict Weekly

November 2021 | IPRI # 234
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Anti-lockdown protests in Europe, Farmers' protests in India, and Continuing instability in Sudan

Conflict Weekly

November 2021 | IPRI # 223
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Europe's other migrant crisis, and Protests in Cuba and Thailand

Conflict Weekly

November 2021 | IPRI # 222
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The migrant threat to Europe from Belarus and Ceasefire with the TTP in Pakistan

Conflict Weekly

November 2021 | IPRI # 221
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

One year of Ethiopian conflict and UK-France fishing row

Conflict Weekly

October 2021 | IPRI # 220
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Coup in Sudan, Pressure on Myanmar's military regime, and the Migrant game by Belarus

October 2021 | IPRI # 219
IPRI Comments

Vandana Mishra

The Texas abortion law: Five reasons why it is draconian

Pakistan Reader Comments

October 2021 | IPRI # 218
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

No honour in honour killing

Conflict Weekly

October 2021 | IPRI # 217
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

One year after Samuel Paty's killing, Kidnapping in Haiti, and Instability in Sudan

Conflict Weekly

October 2021 | IPRI # 216
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

ISIS violence in Afghanistan, and Targeted killings in J&K

Pakistan Reader Comments

October 2021 | IPRI # 215
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

Rising child abuse in Pakistan: Five reasons why

Pakistan Reader Comments

October 2021 | IPRI # 214
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

Hazara Persecution in Pakistan: No end in sight

Pakistan Reader Comments

October 2021 | IPRI # 213
IPRI Comments

D. Suba Chandran

Talking to the Pakistani Taliban: What did Imran say? And what does it mean? Is the rest of Pakistan ready for the same?

Pakistan Reader Comments

October 2021 | IPRI # 212
IPRI Comments

D. Suba Chandran

Protests in Gwadar: Who and Why

Conflict Weekly

October 2021 | IPRI # 211
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Anti-Bolsonaro protests in Brazil, UK-France fishing row, Talks with the TTP in Pakistan, and the anti-abortion law protests in the US

Conflict Weekly

September 2021 | IPRI # 210
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The Chinese White Paper on Xinjiang, and the Haitian migrant crisis in the US

NIAS-IPRI Brief

September 2021 | IPRI # 209
IPRI Briefs

Apoorva Sudhakar

Africaâ€™s Stolen Future:Child abductions, lost innocence, and a glaring reflection of State failure in Nigeria

Afghanistan

September 2021 | IPRI # 208
IPRI Comments

Vineeth Daniel Vinoy

Who is who in the interim Taliban government? And, what would be the government structure?

Conflict Weekly

September 2021 | IPRI # 207
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Pride marches in Europe, Jail term for Hotel Rwanda hero, and continuing Houthi-led violence in Yemen

Conflict Weekly

September 2021 | IPRI # 206
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Protests in Europe and Brazil, and an impending humanitarian crisis in Afghanistan

Latin America

September 2021 | IPRI # 205
IPRI Comments

Lokendra Sharma

Two months of Cuban protests: Is the â€˜revolutionâ€™ ending?

Conflict Weekly

September 2021 | IPRI # 204
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Texas' abortion ban, Return of the Thai protests, the Taliban government, and the Guinea coup

Conflict Weekly

September 2021 | IPRI # 203
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The US exit from Afghanistan, the Houthi violence in Yemen, and Hurricane Ida in the US

Conflict Weekly

August 2021 | IPRI # 202
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Chaotic evacuation in Kabul, Crimea Summit on seven years of Russian occupation, anti-lockdown protests in Australia, and continuing kidnappings in Africa

Conflict Weekly

August 2021 | IPRI # 201
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Return of the Taliban and the fall of Afghanistan

Conflict Weekly

August 2021 | IPRI # 200
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Protests return to Thailand, Taliban gains in Afghanistan, Pandemic action triggers protests in Europe, and new Climate Change report warns Code-Red

Conflict Weekly

August 2021 | IPRI # 199
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Taliban offensive, New Zealand's apology over the Pacific communities, Peru's new problem, and an inter-State clash in India's Northeast

Conflict Weekly

July 2021 | IPRI # 198
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

France's anti-extremism bill, Canada's burning churches, and Tunisia's new political crisis

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 197
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

Impending famine in Tigray, should make Ethiopia everyone's problem

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 196
IPRI Comments

Anu Maria Joseph

Too late and too little is Ethiopia's international problem

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 195
IPRI Comments

Sankalp Gurjar

Africa's Ethiopia Problem

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 194
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

Ethiopia's Tigray problem is Tigray's Ethiopia problem

Afghanistan

July 2021 | IPRI # 193
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

Five reasons why Afghanistan is closer to a civil war

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 192
IPRI Comments

Anu Maria Joseph

Beyond the apology to Rwanda: In Africa, is France still a 'silent colonizer'?

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 191
IPRI Comments

Mohamad Aseel Ummer

Migration in Africa: Origin, Drivers and Destinations

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 190
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

15 of the 23 global hunger hotspots are in Africa:Three reasons why

NIAS Africa Monitor

July 2021 | IPRI # 189
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

Libya: A new unity government and rekindled hope, a decade after the fall of Gaddafi

Conflict Weekly

July 2021 | IPRI # 188
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Floods in Germany, Wildfires in Siberia and the Pegasus Spyware

Conflict Weekly

July 2021 | IPRI # 184
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Anti-government protests in Cuba, Pro-Zuma protests in South Africa, and remembering the Srebrenica massacre

Conflict Weekly

July 2021 | IPRI # 183
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Taliban offensive in Afghanistan, Protests in Colombia, and the Heat WaveÂ

Conflict Weekly

June 2021 | IPRI # 182
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Ceasefire in Ethiopia, Berlin Conference on Libya and the World Drug Report

Conflict Weekly

June 2021 | IPRI # 181
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The US Juneteenth, UN resolution on Myanmar and Global Peace Index

Europe

June 2021 | IPRI # 180
IPRI Comments

Chetna Vinay Bhora

Spain, Morocco and the rise of rightwing politics in Europe over immigration

Southeast Asia

June 2021 | IPRI # 179
IPRI Comments

Anju Joseph

Timor Leste: Instability continues, despite 19 years of independence

Conflict Weekly

June 2021 | IPRI # 178
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Three new reports on Child labour, Ethiopia and Xinjiang, Tensions in Belfast, and the Suu Kyi trial

Conflict Weekly

June 2021 | IPRI # 177
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

The UN report on Taliban-al Qaeda links, Denmark on relocating refugee camps, Burkino Faso massacre, Arctic melt, and Afghan trilateral dialogue

Israel-Palestine Conflict

June 2021 | IPRI # 176
IPRI Comments

Udbhav Krishna P

Revisiting the recent violence: Three takeaways

Gender Peace and Conflict

June 2021 | IPRI # 175
IPRI Comments

Vibha Venugopal

The return of Taliban will be bad news for women

Nepal

June 2021 | IPRI # 174
IPRI Comments

Sourina Bej

Fresh election-call mean unending cycle of instability

Conflict Weekly

June 2021 | IPRI # 173
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Continuing protests in Colombia, another mass abduction in Nigeria, and a controversial election in Syria

Conflict Weekly

May 2021 | IPRI # 172
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Ceasefire in Israel, NLD ban in Myanmar and a new Belarus crisis

Conflict Weekly

May 2021 | IPRI # 171
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Elusive ceasefire in Israel-Palestine conflict, a migration crisis in Spain, three weeks of protests in Colombia, and the rise of Ransomware reign

The Maldives

May 2021 | IPRI # 170
IPRI Comments

N Manoharan

The bomb attack on Mohamed Nasheed. Is it political or jihadist?

Conflict Weekly

May 2021 | IPRI # 169
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Escalating Israel-Palestine violence, an attack and a ceasefire in Afghanistan, and the fallouts of Scotland election for the UK

Australia's indigenous communities

May 2021 | IPRI # 168
IPRI Comments

Avishka Ashok

The systemic oppression continues despite three decades of the Royal Commission report

Africa

May 2021 | IPRI # 167
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

15 of the 23 global hunger hotspots are in Africa. Three reasons why

AfghanistanÂ

May 2021 | IPRI # 166
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

The US decision to withdraw is a call made too early. Three reasons why

Conflict Weekly

May 2021 | IPRI # 165
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Violent protests in Colombia, US troops withdrawal in Afghanistan, and the battle for Marib in Yemen

Conflict Weekly

April 2021 | IPRI # 164
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Israel-Syria missile strikes, Clashes in Somalia and Afghan meetings in Pakistan

Conflict Weekly

April 2021 | IPRI # 163
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

George Floyd murder trial, Fukushima water release controversy, anti-France protests in Pakistan, Report on the Rwandan genocide and another Loya Jirga in Afghanistan

Conflict Weekly

April 2021 | IPRI # 162
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Riots in Northern Ireland, Sabotage on an Iranian nuclear facility, and a massacre in Ethiopia

Conflict Weekly

April 2021 | IPRI # 161
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Global gender gap report, Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam talks failure, Maoist attack in India, Border tensions between Russia and Ukraine, and the Security forces take control of Palma in Mozambique

Conflict Weekly

March 2021 | IPRI # 160
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Bloody Week in Myanmar, a Suicide attack in Indonesia and an Insurgency in Mozambique

Conflict Weekly

March 2021 | IPRI # 159
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Sanctions on China, Saudi Arabia ceasefire in Yemen, the UNHRC resolution on Sri Lanka, and a massacre in Niger

Conflict Weekly #62

March 2021 | IPRI # 158
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Gender Protests in Australia, Expanding Violence in Myanmar and Anti-protests bill in the UK

Conflict Weekly # 61

March 2021 | IPRI # 157
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Womenâ€™s Day, Swiss Referendum, Myanmar Violence, George Floyd Trial and Lebanon Protests

Conflict Weekly #60

March 2021 | IPRI # 156
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

From Myanmar and Hong Kong in Asia to Nigeria in Africa: Seven conflicts this week

Conflict Weekly # 59

February 2021 | IPRI # 155
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Continuing Protests in Myanmar, â€˜Comfort Womenâ€™ issue in South Korea and Abductions in Nigeria

Ethiopia

February 2021 | IPRI # 154
IPRI Comments

Apoorva Sudhakar

Five fallouts of the military offensive in Tigray

Afghanistan

February 2021 | IPRI # 153
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

The recent surge in targeted killing vs the troops withdrawal

Abortions, Legislations and Gender Protests

February 2021 | IPRI # 152
IPRI Comments

Avishka Ashok

In Argentina, an extraordinarily progressive law on abortion brings the Conservatives to protest

Abortions, Legislations and Gender Protests

February 2021 | IPRI # 151
IPRI Comments

Harini Madhusudan

In Poland, the protests against the abortion law feed into anti-government sentiments

Abortions, Legislations and Gender Protests

February 2021 | IPRI # 150
IPRI Comments

Abigail Miriam Fernandez

In Honduras, a move towards a permanent ban on abortion laws

Abortions, Legislations and Gender Protests

February 2021 | IPRI # 149
IPRI Comments

Sukanya Bali

In Thailand, the new abortion law poses more questions

Myanmar

February 2021 | IPRI # 148
IPRI Comments

Aparupa Bhattacherjee

Civilian protests vs military: Three factors will decide the outcome in Myanmar

Conflict Weekly # 58

February 2021 | IPRI # 147
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Anti-Separatism bill in France, Protests in Nepal against a gender-specific law, Surge in targetted killings in Afghanistan, and Instability continues in Ethiopia

Conflict Weekly #57

February 2021 | IPRI # 146
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Anti-Coup protests in Myanmar, a new US strategy on Yemen, and the US-Iran differences on nuclear roadmap

India and Sri Lanka

February 2021 | IPRI # 145
IPRI Comments

N Manoharan and Drorima Chatterjee

Five ways India can detangle the fishermen issue with Sri Lanka

Conflict Weekly #56

February 2021 | IPRI # 144
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Coup in Myanmar and Protests in Russia

Conflict Weekly #55

January 2021 | IPRI # 143
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Farmers' protests in India, Vaccine Wars, another India-China border standoff, and Navalny's imprisonment

Conflict Weekly # 54

January 2021 | IPRI # 142
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

New President in the US, new Chinese Village in Arunachal Pradesh, new Israeli settlement in West Bank, and another massacre in Sudan

Conflict Weekly # 53

January 2021 | IPRI # 141
IPRI Comments

IPRI Team

Trump impeached by the US House, Hazara miners buried in Pakistan, Farm laws stayed in India, and the Crisis escalation in CAR

Conflict Weekly # 52